Monday 21 June 2021

Case of Heart Failure

 70 yrs old male patient came to the opd with the

 chief complaints of

 Sob since 6 days which was severe

pedal edema since 5 days 

generalized weakness since 5 days

 

History Of Present Illness

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 7 months back then developed generalized weakness  following which he developed sob which was mild 2 days following sob he developed pedal edema pitting type then  contipation for which he went to local doctor and was treated

6 days back he developed sob which was insidious in onset abd progressed to interfere his daily activities  and sleep  

Patient has history of PND 

7 months back Reports 

2 D echo


Ecg
 
Treatment given during last episode




Past History

Nog history of DM HTN CAD ASTHMA  TB

Personal History

married

normal appetite

mixed diet

bowels regular

micturation normal

no allergies 

habits

 alcohol from past 50 years occasional consumer 

Stopped 4 years back

Smoking BD from past 50 years 1 or 2 per day 



On Examination





Pallor No

 Ictrus No

 Cyanisis No

Kolionychia No

Lymphedenopathy  No

Edema Present


Pitting type


SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION 

Cvs

S1 s2 heard no murmurs

Respiratory system

Normal vesicular breath sounds,  no wheeze , no dyspnea , trachea is central

Abdomen

Shape of abd - obese

No tenderness 

No palpable mass, fluid , bruit

No palpable liver  , spleen

P/V , P/R  

CNS 

conscious

response to speech 

no focal deficits

no meningeal signs

no cerebral signs 

Investigation


RBS 188


Blood Urea 24

CUE

Hemogram
Hemoglobin 11.5 gm/dl
Total count 10,500 cells/gm
Lymphocytes 10 % 
PCV 34 vol%
RBC count 3.99


Serum creatinine

 
Electrolytes
Sodium 120 ml/gl
Chloride 82 ml/gl

Ecg


2D Echo



 Treatment

day 1

1 Injection lasix 40 mg  IV/BD

Tab pan 40 mg PO/OD 

Tab aldactone  25 mg PO/OD 

Inj Thiamine 1 amp in 100ml IV /BD 

Tab Ramipril 2.5 mg PO/OD 

Tab Met  xl 12.5 mg PO/OD


Day 2 

1 Injection lasix 40 mg  IV/BD

Tab pan 40 mg PO/OD 

Tab aldactone  25 mg PO/OD 

Inj Thiamine 1 amp in 100ml IV /BD 

Tab Ramipril 2.5 mg PO/OD 

Tab Met  xl 12.5 mg PO/OD


Discharge summary:

Expected date of discharge:


Diagnosis:


Chief complaints:

 70 yrs old male patient came to the opd with the chief complaints of

Sob since 6 days which was severe

pedal edema since 5 days

generalized weakness since 5 days


History of present illness:

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 7 months back then developed generalized weakness  following which he developed sob which was mild 2 days following sob he developed pedal edema pitting type then  contipation for which he went to local doctor and was treated

6 days back he developed sob which was insidious in onset abd progressed to interfere his daily activities  and sleep  

Patient has history of PND 


Past History:

Nog history of DM HTN CAD ASTHMA  TB


Personal history:

married

normal appetite

mixed diet

bowels regular

micturation normal

no allergies 

habits

- alcohol from past 50 years occasional consumer 

 Stopped 4 years back

- Smoking BD from past 50 years 1 or 2 per day 


General examination:

Patient is conscious, coherent, co-operative, oriented to time, place and person.

No pallor, icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, Kolionychia, lymphadenopathy, edema


Vitals:

Afebrile

PR - 84 bpm

BP - 110/70 mm Hg 

RR - 16 cpm

SpO2 - 96% at room air


Systemic examination:

Cvs

S1 s2 heard no murmurs


Respiratory system

Normal vesicular breath sounds, no wheeze , no dyspnea , trachea is central


Abdomen

Shape of abd - obese

No tenderness 

No palpable mass, fluid , bruit

No palpable liver , spleen


P/V , P/R  


CNS 

conscious

response to speech 

no focal deficits

no meningeal signs

no cerebral signs


Treatment

Day 1

1.Injection lasix 40 mg IV/BD

2.Tab pan 40 mg PO/OD 

3.Tab aldactone 25 mg PO/OD 

4.Inj Thiamine 1 amp in 100ml IV /BD 

5.Tab Ramipril 2.5 mg PO/OD 

6.Tab Met xl 12.5 mg PO/OD




Day 2 

1.1 Injection lasix 40 mg IV/BD

2.Tab pan 40 mg PO/OD 

3.Tab aldactone 25 mg PO/OD 

4.Inj Thiamine 1 amp in 100ml IV /BD 

5.Tab Ramipril 2.5 mg PO/OD 

6.Tab Met xl 12.5 mg PO/OD













 







Monday 7 June 2021

79 F with LT HEMIPARESIS.



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79 years old female patient was brought to the casuality withthe chief complaints of 
weakness of left upper and lower limb since 4 days 
Deviation of mouth towards left since 4 days
Unresponsive since 1 day

History of present illness
 Patient was apparently asymptomatic 9 years back then she developed generalized weakness also fatigability following which she reached nearest medical center and was diagnosed with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus and used regular medication.
6 months back she had a history severe headache following which on imaging diagnosed with small vessel infract.
4 days back she developed transient deviation of mouth to left following it was reversed spontaneously after few min to hours and slowly became unresponsive 


Past History
Known case of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension since 9 years for which she was taking Metformin 500mg and Telma 40mg 

Personal history
Diet: mixed
Apetite: Normal
Sleep: Adequate
Bowel and bladder movements:Regular
Addictions: no
Allergies: None

On Examination
Patient was conscious but unresponsive, not co operative, not coherent
Vitals
Bp 135/90mmhg
PR 104 BPM
SpO2 83 
Temperature afebrile



General examination
No pallor
No icterus
No clubbing
No cynosis
No generalised lymphadenopathy
No bilateral pedal oedema.

Local examination 

CNS 

Patient was stuporous
Speech no response
GCS 3/15 E1V1M1
Tone.     R            L
UL.         N           Decreased
LL.         N           Decreased
Power
UL.        4/5.           1/5
LL.        4/5.           1/5
Reflexes absent
Biceps
Triceps
Supinator
Knee ankle
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:Normal vesicular breath sounds heard 
CVS:S1 and S2 heard.No added murmurs.
PER ABDOMEN:Soft and non tender.No organomegaly 

 
Investigations 

















2D Echo showing ASD which might cause Paradoxical emboli causes Embolic Stroke




Provisional Diagnosis


RIGHT SIDED CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT INVOLVING CORTEX , TEMPORAL & PARITAL LOBE (ACUTE INFARCT IN LEFT MCA TERRITORY 


Treatment


Day 1


1 INJ THIAMINE 1 AMP IN 100 ML NS

2 TAB PAN 40 MG IV/OD

3 TAB ECOSPIRIN 75 MG RQ/OD 

4 TAB ATORVAS 40 MG RQ/OD

5 TAB CLOPITAB 75 MG RQ/OD

6 IVF  NS OR RL UO + 50 ML / HR

7 NEBULIZER WITH

    . Mucomist 6 HOURLY

    . Budecort  6  HOURLY


PATIENT HAS 3 EPISODES OF PSVT 

@ 1 am , 3 am , 6 am which is treated with ADENOSINE


Day 2 

1 INJ THIAMINE 1 AMP IN 100 ML NS

2 TAB PAN 40 MG IV/OD

3 TAB ECOSPIRIN 75 MG RQ/OD 

4 TAB ATORVAS 40 MG RQ/OD

5 TAB CLOPITAB 75 MG RQ/OD

6 IVF NS OR RL UO + 50 ML / HR

7 NEBULIZER WITH

    . Mucomist 6 HOURLY

    . Budecort 6 HOURLY

8 Adenosine infusion was continued


Day 3 

Same medication followed...

At 12 pm

No recordable PR

BP-NR 

SPO2-60% MRA


CPR was initiated Acc. to 2015 AHA guidelines 

6 cycles of cpr was done and patient was still unresponsive 

And was declared dead